Cleaning build artifacts with fpm¶

The fpm clean command allows you to remove build artifacts to free up disk space or ensure a fresh build. This guide covers both general cleaning and selective cleaning options.

Overview¶

By default, fpm clean prompts for confirmation before deleting directories in the build/ folder while preserving dependencies. The command supports several modes of operation:

Interactive cleaning (default): Prompts for confirmation
Automatic cleaning: Skip prompts with --skip or --all
Selective cleaning (fpm v0.14.0+): Target specific executable types
Registry cache cleaning: Remove cached registry data

General cleaning options¶

Default behavior¶

fpm clean

Prompts for confirmation before deleting build artifacts, excluding dependencies. This is the safest option for regular use.

Skip confirmation, preserve dependencies¶

fpm clean --skip

Deletes build directories without prompting but preserves dependency builds. Useful in automated scripts where you want to clean your project but keep external dependencies intact.

Clean everything including dependencies¶

fpm clean --all

Deletes all build directories without prompting, including dependencies. Use this when you need a completely fresh build environment or when dependency issues require rebuilding everything from scratch.

Clean registry cache¶

fpm clean --registry-cache

Removes cached registry data. Useful when registry metadata becomes stale or when troubleshooting package resolution issues.

Custom configuration file¶

fpm clean --config-file /path/to/config.toml

Use a custom global configuration file location for the clean operation.

Selective cleaning options¶

备注

Available since fpm v0.14.0

Selective cleaning allows you to remove only specific types of executables, which speeds up recompilation by preserving other build outputs.

Available selective cleaning flags¶

--test: Clean only test executables
--apps: Clean only application executables
--examples: Clean only example executables

Selective cleaning examples¶

Clean test executables only¶

fpm clean --test

This removes only the compiled test executables while preserving application executables, example executables, and all object files. Useful when you’ve modified test code and want to ensure tests are rebuilt from scratch.

Clean application executables only¶

fpm clean --apps

This removes only the compiled application executables while preserving test executables, example executables, and object files. Useful when you’ve made changes that affect only your main applications.

Clean example executables only¶

fpm clean --examples

This removes only the compiled example executables while preserving application and test executables, and object files. Useful when working on documentation examples.

Combining selective flags¶

You can combine multiple flags to clean several types of executables simultaneously:

# Clean both test and application executables
fpm clean --test --apps

# Clean all executable types (equivalent to targeting all executables)
fpm clean --test --apps --examples

Use cases and workflows¶

Common scenarios¶

Debugging failing tests¶

When tests are failing and you suspect cached executables might be the issue:

fpm clean --test
fpm test

This ensures test executables are rebuilt from scratch while preserving your application builds.

Preparing for release¶

Before building release versions of your applications:

fpm clean --apps
fpm build --release

This ensures your applications are built fresh while preserving test and example builds for ongoing development.

Working on examples¶

When updating documentation examples:

fpm clean --examples
fpm run --example my_example

This rebuilds only the example you’re working on without affecting your main application or tests.

Managing disk space efficiently¶

For large projects where full rebuilds are time-consuming:

# Clean only what you're currently working on
fpm clean --test          # If working on tests
fpm clean --apps          # If working on applications
fpm clean --examples      # If working on examples

Command reference¶

Complete option summary¶

Command	What gets removed	Dependencies	Prompts	Use when
`fpm clean`	All build artifacts	Preserved	Yes	Safe interactive cleaning
`fpm clean --skip`	All build artifacts	Preserved	No	Automated scripts, preserve deps
`fpm clean --all`	All build artifacts	Removed	No	Fresh start, dependency issues
`fpm clean --registry-cache`	Registry cache only	N/A	No	Registry troubleshooting
`fpm clean --test`	Test executables only	Preserved	Variable	Test-specific issues
`fpm clean --apps`	Application executables only	Preserved	Variable	Application changes
`fpm clean --examples`	Example executables only	Preserved	Variable	Documentation updates

Combining options¶

You can combine general and selective cleaning options:

# Clean test and apps without prompting, preserve dependencies
fpm clean --skip --test --apps

# Clean everything including dependencies and registry cache
fpm clean --all --registry-cache

Performance benefits¶

Selective cleaning provides several advantages:

Faster rebuilds: Preserves object files and unmodified executables
Targeted workflow: Clean only what you’re working on
Disk space management: Remove executables while keeping compiled objects
Parallel development: Different team members can clean different components

Best practices¶

Use selective cleaning during development: Avoid full fpm clean unless necessary
Clean specific targets when troubleshooting: If tests fail, try fpm clean --test first
Combine with build flags: fpm clean --apps && fpm build --release for release builds
Clean examples regularly: Examples often have different build requirements than main code

小技巧

If you’re unsure which executables to clean, start with the most specific flag (e.g., --test if working on tests) and escalate to broader cleaning only if needed.

Fortran Package Manager

Cleaning build artifacts with fpm

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